Claire Brickell, 25, an aspiring neurologist in her third year at Harvard Medical School, already knows far more about health care than most of us. She can diagnose heart failure from a chest X ray. She can diagram the intricate circuits of the brain. And if she needed to, she could probably pull off a pretty decent tracheotomy. But when it comes to communicating with patients, Brickell has a problem: she’s too healthy. Like most of her classmates, she has spent very little time as a patient. She has never had to weigh the advice of a trusted friend against conflicting orders given by a cold and distant doctor. She has never had to take daily injections for a disease she doesn’t understand. She has rarely even gone through the most basic crucible of illness in the U. S. , the interminable wait in a doctor’s office.
　　Enter Santa Ocasio, 56, a Dominican immigrant who is fighting a protracted battle with Type 2 diabetes. In a pilot program that is the leading edge of a broad curriculum overhaul at Harvard Medical School, Brickell has been paired with Ocasio for nearly five months. ~ She sees her as a patient every week at the Spanish Clinic of Boston’s Brigham and Women’s Hospital and tags along on visits to her specialists. In fact, the goal is for Brickell to be there every time Ocasio encounters the health-care system. It’s not just a way to learn about treating diabetes; it’s a crash course in the myriad frustrations of a patient caught in the maw of modern medicine--confusing prescriptions, language barriers and an endless parade of strangers in white coats.
　　Why would the U. S. ’s top medical school ask its students to spend valuable time trailing a patient instead of a doctor? At Harvard and other medical schools across the country, educators are beginning to realize that empathy is as valuable to a doctor as any clinical skill. Whether it’ s acknowledging that a patient was inconvenienced by having to wait an hour before being seen or listening when someone explains why he didn’t take his meds, doctors who try to understand their patients may be the best antidote for the widespread dissatisfaction with today’s health-care system.
　　So Harvard has built closer partnerships between students and patients into the principal clinical experience, a small but important part of its most significant curriculum reform in two decades. The University of Pennsylvania Medical School began a similar program in 1997, and other schools are following suit. As long as medical students are still getting a healthy diet of clinical learning, educators say, there’s little downside. [435 words]
　　1. The comment she’s too healthy in the first paragraph means that______.
　　A. Brickell has learnt a lot to stay healthy，examda.com
　　B. Brickell is too healthy to become a patient
　　C. Brickell has few experiences of being a patient
　　D. Brickell knows how to keep herself from being ill
　　2. It is implied in the text that ______
　　A. the advice of a friend is much better than a doctor’s orders
　　B. it is difficult for a doctor to communicate with his patients
　　C. daily injections for a disease are occasionally ineffective
　　D. patients hate to wait long before being seen by a doctor
　　3. Brickell has been paired with a patient with diabetes in order ______
　　A. to be caught in the modern medical system as a patient
　　B. to learn the best way to treat diabetes in a pilot program
　　C. to learn what frustrations a patient has to face in hospital
　　D. to encounter the health-care system as closely as possible
　　4. Top medical schools ask their students to trail patients for the purpose of ______
　　A. helping doctors better understand their patients，examda.com
　　B. building closer relationships between students and patients
　　C. acknowledging the inconveniences experienced by patients
　　D. alleviating the dissatisfaction of patients with medical system
　　5. It can be seen from the text that Harvard Medical School intends ______
　　A. to illustrate the frustrations of American patients
　　B. to teach doctors to provide more care to patients
　　C. to call on doctors to learn more from their patients
　　D. to build closer partnerships between students and patients 　　难句透析
　　①She has never had to weigh the advice of a trusted friend—agai—nst Econflicting orders(given by a cold and dlstan doctor)]．
　　【结构】方括号所标示的动名词短语“conflicting orders…”是介词“against”的宾语。圆括号所标示的过去分词短语"given by…doctor”是“0rders”的后置定语。“to weigh…against…”：使…跟…权衡比较。
　　【释义】她从来不会在挚友的建议与冷漠的医嘱之间左右为难。
　　②In a pilot program[that is the leading edge of a broad curriculum overhaul at Harvard Medical School，Brickell has been paired with Ocasio for nearly five months．
　　【结构】方括号所标示的“that is the leading edge…School”是“program”的后置定语从句。
　　【释义】在一个试验性的项目中，布凯尔与奥卡斯奥搭档将近5个月。在哈佛医学院课程大检查中，这个项目处于领先地位。
　　③IC s not just a way[to learn about treating diabetes]；it’s a crash course in the myriad frustrations of a pa— tient Ecaught in the maw of modern medicine]--‘”confusing prescriptions，language barriers andan endless pa— rade of strangers in white coats．
　　【结构】本句是由分号连接的两个分句组成的并列句。方括号所标示的动词不定式短语“to learn…diabetes”是“way’，的后置定语。方括号所标示的过去分词短语“caught in…medicine”是“patient”的后置定语。破折号后面的三个并列的名词短语补充说明其前面的“frustrations”。
　　【释义】这并不只是为了学习治疗糖尿病的方法，也是了解病人在现代医药条件下为何遭遇无数挫折的快捷途径——其中包括令人摸不着头脑的处方、语言障碍以及无数陌生医生的问诊。
　　④FWhether it’s acknowledging(that a patient was inconvenienced by l’having to wait an hour before being see“or”listening )]，doctors[who try to understand their patients] may be the best antidote for the widespread dissatisfaction with today’s health-care system。考试大，examda.com
　　【结构】方括号所标示的“Whether…or…”是让步状语从句。圆括号所标示的“that a patient…his meds”是“acknowledging"的宾语从句。尖括号所标示的“when someone…reeds”是“listenin9”的状语从句。方括号所标示的“who try…patients”是“doctors”的后置定语从句。
　　【释义】不管承认与否，病人必须等一个小时才能看上病或者要听某个病人解释自己不服药原因肯定极为不便。医生尽量理解病人，才能最有效地缓解人们对当今医疗卫生体系的广泛不满情绪。
　　⑤So Harvard—has b—uilt closer partnerships between students and patients—into the principal clinical experlence’  L a small but important part of its most significant curriculum reform in two decades]．
　　【结构】方括号所标示的名词短语“a small but important part…decades”补充说明“clinical experience”。
　　【释义】所以，哈佛医学院才将建立学生和病人间的亲密关系确认为首要的临床医疗体验，此举虽小，但却是20年来有重大意义的课程改革的一个重要组成部分。 　　全文翻译
　　今年25岁的克莱尔·布凯尔就读于哈佛医学院三年级，是一名很有抱负的神经科医生，她所掌握的卫生护理知识远远多于我们普通大众。她能根据胸部x射线诊断心脏疾病；她能将错综复杂的脑电波绘成图表；如果需要，她甚至可以成功地主刀气管切开手术。但当布凯尔需要和病人沟通时却面临这样一个问题：她的身体太健康了。和她的大多数同学一样，布凯尔极少生病。她从来不会在挚友的建议与冷漠的医嘱之间左右为难。她也从来不用为治愈一种她不了解的疾病而每天接受输液。她甚至根本没有经历过美国最常见的残酷“考验”，也就是在医生的办公室里无休止地等待。考试大
　　说到圣·奥卡斯奥，这个56岁的多米尼加移民多年来一直在与2型糖尿病作斗争。在一个试验性的项目中，布凯尔与奥卡斯奥搭档将近5个月。在哈佛医学院课程大检查中，这个项目处于领先地位。布凯尔每周都会在波士顿妇女医院西班牙诊所中为奥卡斯奥检查，在她前往接受专家治疗的时候陪伴左右。实际上，这样做的目的是每次奥卡斯奥接受卫生保健检查时布凯尔能在旁边。这并不只是为了学习治疗糖尿病的方法，也是了解病人在现代医药条件下为何遭遇无数挫折的快捷途径——其中包括令人摸不着头脑的处方、语言障碍以及无数陌生医生的问诊。
　　为什么美国顶尖的医学院会要求自己的学生把宝贵的时间用在跟随病人上，而非跟随医生?在诸如哈佛等国内一些医学院，教育家开始意识到对于一个医生来说，关注病人的病情和任何一项医术同样重要。不管承认与否，病人必须等一个小时才能看上病或者要听某个病人解释自己不服药原因肯定极为不便。医生尽量理解病人，才能最有效地缓解人们对当今医疗卫生体系的广泛不满情绪。
　　所以，哈佛医学院才将建立学生和病人间的亲密关系确认为首要的临床医疗体验，此举虽小，但却是20年来有重大意义的课程改革的一个重要组成部分。宾夕法尼亚大学医学院也于1997年开始开办类似的项目，其他学校也竞相效仿。教育家如是说：只要医学专业学生仍然可以受惠于良好的教学计划，医学发展就不会走下坡路。
　　超纲词汇
　　maw n．(动物的)胃，肚子
　　tracheotomy n．[医]气管切开术 
　　diabetes n．[医]糖尿病，多尿症 
　　overhaul n．彻底检查
　　decent adj．得体的，过得去的，像样的 
　　intricate adj．复杂的，难懂的
　　trail vt．跟踪，尾随
　　antidote n．解毒剂
　　aspiring adj．热心的，积极的，有抱负的 
　　neurologist n．神经科专门医师
　　empathy n．神入，感情移入
　　interminable adj．无终止的，没完没了的
　　myriad adj．许多的，无数的
　　protracted adj．延长的，拖延的，长时间的 
　　crucible n．严酷的考验
　　参考答案：1．C    2．D    3．C 4．A    5．B